Which of the following symptoms can hormone replacement therapy (HRT) help alleviate after an oophorectomy?

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is commonly used to alleviate symptoms associated with the sudden drop in estrogen that occurs after an oophorectomy, which is the surgical removal of the ovaries. This procedure can lead to immediate menopause, resulting in a range of symptoms due to low hormone levels. Among these symptoms, hot flashes and vaginal dryness are particularly significant.

Hot flashes are characterized by sudden feelings of warmth, often accompanied by sweating and discomfort, and are directly related to decreased estrogen levels. Similarly, vaginal dryness occurs due to the loss of estrogen, which is necessary for maintaining the health and lubrication of vaginal tissues. HRT can help to restore hormonal balance, relieving these symptoms and improving the quality of life for individuals undergoing this transition.

While weight gain, nausea, dizziness, and headaches can occur in various contexts, they are not specifically targeted or universally alleviated by HRT following an oophorectomy. Thus, hot flashes and vaginal dryness are the most directly relevant symptoms that HRT effectively addresses.