Which nutrient is crucial for reducing the risk of neural tube defects in a baby during early pregnancy?

Folic acid is a crucial nutrient for reducing the risk of neural tube defects in a baby during early pregnancy. It plays a significant role in DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation, which are vital processes during the early stages of fetal development. Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly, occur when the neural tube does not close properly. Research has shown that adequate levels of folic acid before conception and during early pregnancy can substantially lower the chances of these defects.

The recommendation is for women of childbearing age to take a daily supplement of folic acid, as well as to consume foods rich in this vitamin, such as leafy greens, legumes, and fortified cereals. By ensuring sufficient folic acid intake, women can support the healthy development of the neural tube and significantly decrease the risk of possible birth defects. This is particularly important during the first trimester when the neural tube is forming.

Other nutrients, while important for overall health, do not have the same specific and significant impact on reducing the risk of neural tube defects as folic acid does.