What advice should the nurse give regarding the use of bisphosphonates?

The recommendation to take bisphosphonates on an empty stomach is important for maximizing their effectiveness and minimizing gastrointestinal side effects. Bisphosphonates are primarily used to treat conditions like osteoporosis by inhibiting bone resorption, and their absorption can be significantly affected by food and certain drinks, especially those containing calcium. By taking the medication on an empty stomach, typically in the morning at least 30 minutes before the first food or drink of the day (except water), patients ensure better absorption of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract. This enhances the medication’s efficacy in improving bone density and reducing fracture risk.

Taking bisphosphonates before bed is not advised, as lying down shortly after taking the medication can increase the risk of esophageal irritation and potential damage, as the drug may remain in the esophagus if the patient is supine. Consuming bisphosphonates with food or milk can interfere with their absorption, reducing the therapeutic effect. Therefore, the specific guidance provided in the correct option helps ensure optimal results from the treatment.